Methylchloroisothiazolinone
MCI
EU-restricted, a common contact allergen, or subject to live debate.
Also written as: MCI · CMIT · 5-Chloro-2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one · Kathon CG (as MCI/MI 3:1)
What it is
Methylchloroisothiazolinone is not permitted on its own in EU cosmetics; it is allowed only as the fixed 3:1 mixture with methylisothiazolinone, which is why the two names almost always appear together on a label. The blend has been recognised as a significant contact allergen since the 1980s. Since 2015 it has been confined to rinse-off products only.
What it does well
Very broad-spectrum preservation at parts-per-million levels
The MCI/MI blend is one of the most powerful cosmetic preservatives available, which is why it survived in rinse-off use. Again, this is a technical property rather than a consumer benefit.
Strong evidence
Worth knowing
A long-established, clinically important contact allergen
MCI/MI positivity in European patch-test clinics peaked at 5.4% to 7.6% around 2013-2014 before the restrictions took effect. Sensitisation is usually lifelong.
Matters most toAnyone with persistent hand or facial eczema; anyone already sensitised to MI, since cross-reaction is common.
Cannot be combined with MI on its own in the same product
EU rules do not permit the MCI/MI mixture and standalone MI to be used together in one product, to prevent stacking of isothiazolinone exposure.
Matters most toNobody directly; it is a compliance rule for manufacturers.
Where the EU stands
Concentration-restricted
Permitted only as a 3:1 mixture of methylchloroisothiazolinone and methylisothiazolinone, at a maximum of 0.0015% and in rinse-off products only. The rinse-off-only restriction has applied since 16 July 2015 (Regulation (EU) No 1003/2014).
Regulation (EC) No 1223/2009, Annex V entry 39, as amended by Commission Regulation (EU) No 1003/2014 · source ↗
Sources (2)
Every link goes to the original: a journal, a PubMed record or an EU document.
- [1]Trends in the Prevalence of Methylchloroisothiazolinone/Methylisothiazolinone Contact Allergy in North America and Europe
JAMA Dermatology · 2023 · doi:10.1001/jamadermatol.2022.5991
MCI/MI positivity peaked at 7.6% (ESSCA) and 5.4% (IVDK) in Europe in 2013-2014 and then declined, while North American rates rose to 10.8%.
- [2]Contact dermatitis associated with preservatives: Retrospective analysis of North American Contact Dermatitis Group data, 1994 through 2016
Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology · 2021 · doi:10.1016/j.jaad.2020.07.059
Isothiazolinones were the leading preservative allergens in a series of 50,799 patients, with 22.3% reacting to at least one preservative overall.